Free PDF of ISO 2566-2-2001 - Steel Conversion of Elongation Values for Austenitic Steels
ISO 2566: A Guide to Steel Conversion of Elongation Values
If you are working with steel, you may have encountered the term ISO 2566. But what does it mean and why is it important? In this article, we will explain what ISO 2566 is, how it works, and how you can get it for free. We will also provide some examples and benefits of using ISO 2566 for steel conversion of elongation values.
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What is ISO 2566 and why is it important?
ISO 2566 is a standard that specifies the method of converting room temperature percentage elongations after fracture obtained on various proportional and non-proportional gauge lengths to other gauge lengths. Elongation is the increase in length of a material under tension and is a measure of the ductility of the material. Ductility is the ability of a material to deform plastically without breaking. It is an important property for steel, as it affects its strength, toughness, weldability, and formability.
ISO 2566 consists of two parts: ISO 2566-1 for carbon and low-alloy steels, and ISO 2566-2 for austenitic steels. These two types of steels have different mechanical properties and behavior, so they require different formulas and conversion factors for elongation values. ISO 2566 provides a reliable and consistent way of comparing elongation values obtained from different test methods, test pieces, or test conditions.
ISO 2566-1: Carbon and low-alloy steels
Scope and application
ISO 2566-1 applies to carbon, carbon manganese, molybdenum, and chromium molybdenum steels within the tensile strength range of 300 N/mm to 700 N/mm. These steels are commonly used for structural, engineering, automotive, and machinery applications. ISO 2566-1 covers steels in the hot-rolled, hot-rolled and normalized or annealed conditions, with or without tempering. These conversions are not applicable to cold reduced steels, quenched and tempered steels, or austenitic steels. They are also not applicable when the gauge length exceeds or where the width to thickness ratio of the test piece exceeds 20.
Basic formula and conversion factors
The basic formula for converting elongation values from one gauge length to another is:
where:
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AL2 is the percentage elongation after fracture on gauge length L2
AL1 is the percentage elongation after fracture on gauge length L1
L2 is the final gauge length after fracture on gauge length L
L1 is the original gauge length before fracture on gauge length L1
k is the conversion factor, which depends on the steel type, tensile strength, and test condition
The conversion factor k can be obtained from tables or graphs provided in ISO 2566-1. Alternatively, it can be calculated from the following formula:
where Rm is the tensile strength in N/mm.
Examples and benefits
To illustrate how ISO 2566-1 works, let us consider an example. Suppose we have a carbon steel with a tensile strength of 500 N/mm and an elongation of 20% on a 50 mm gauge length. We want to convert this elongation value to a 5.65S0 gauge length, where S0 is the original cross-sectional area of the test piece. Assuming S0 is 100 mm, the 5.65S0 gauge length is 56.5 mm.
We can use the formula above to calculate the conversion factor k:
Then, we can use the formula to convert the elongation value from 50 mm to 56.5 mm:
The elongation value on the 5.65S0 gauge length is 18.9%.
The benefit of using ISO 2566-1 is that it allows us to compare elongation values obtained from different test methods, test pieces, or test conditions in a consistent and reliable way. This can help us evaluate the ductility and performance of different steels and select the most suitable one for our application.
ISO 2566-2: Austenitic steels
Scope and application
ISO 2566-2 applies to austenitic steels within the tensile strength range of 300 N/mm to 700 N/mm. These steels are mainly used for corrosion-resistant, high-temperature, or cryogenic applications. ISO 2566-2 covers steels in the hot-rolled, hot-rolled and solution annealed, cold worked, or cold worked and solution annealed conditions, with or without tempering.
Basic formula and conversion factors
The basic formula for converting elongation values from one gauge length to another is:
where the symbols are the same as in ISO 2566-1.
The conversion factor k can be obtained from tables or graphs provided in ISO 2566-2. Alternatively, it can be calculated from the following formula:
where Rm is the tensile strength in N/mm.
Examples and benefits
To illustrate how ISO 2566-2 works, let us consider another example. Suppose we have an austenitic steel with a tensile strength of 600 N/mm and an elongation of 30% on a 50 mm gauge length. We want to convert this elongation value to a 5.65S0 gauge length, where S0 is 100 mm. The 5.65S0 gauge length is 56.5 mm.
We can use the formula above to calculate the conversion factor k:
Then, we can use the formula to convert the elongation value from 50 mm to 56.5 mm:
The elongation value on the 5.65S0 gauge length is 28.3%.
The benefit of using ISO 2566-2 is similar to that of ISO 2566-1, as it allows us to compare elongation values obtained from different test methods, test pieces, or test conditions in a consistent and reliable way. This can help us evaluate the ductility and performance of different austenitic steels and select the most suitable one for our application.
How to get ISO 2566 for free?
If you are interested in getting ISO 2566 for free, you may have some options depending on your situation and needs. Here are some possible sources and their pros and cons:
Official sources
The official source of ISO 2566 is the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which is an independent, non-governmental organization that develops and publishes international standards for various fields and industries. You can access ISO 2566 online through their website, www.iso.org, or through their authorized distributors.
The pros of getting ISO 2566 from the official source are that you can be sure that you are getting the most accurate, up-to-date, and complete version of the standard, and that you can support the work of ISO and its members in developing and maintaining high-quality standards.
The cons of getting ISO 2566 from the official source are that you have to pay a fee to access or download the standard, which may vary depending on your location, currency, and distributor. The fee may range from a few tens to a few hundreds of dollars per part of the standard.
Alternative sources
If you are not willing or able to pay for ISO 2566 from the official source, you may look for alternative sources that offer free or cheaper access to th